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Author SHA1 Message Date
Pavle Portic f75764b5a5
Refactor to fastapi 2020-03-15 22:14:31 +01:00
Pavle Portic 4374912d43
Update readme 2020-02-04 15:57:33 +01:00
Pavle Portic 624a205a85
Refactor and new features
- Remove csharp and js implementations
- Add multiprocessed mining
- Add balance querying
2020-02-04 13:41:15 +01:00
38 changed files with 1031 additions and 4157 deletions

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.dockerignore Normal file
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__pycache__

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.gitattributes vendored
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###############################################################################
# Set default behavior to automatically normalize line endings.
###############################################################################
* text=auto
###############################################################################
# Set default behavior for command prompt diff.
#
# This is need for earlier builds of msysgit that does not have it on by
# default for csharp files.
# Note: This is only used by command line
###############################################################################
#*.cs diff=csharp
###############################################################################
# Set the merge driver for project and solution files
#
# Merging from the command prompt will add diff markers to the files if there
# are conflicts (Merging from VS is not affected by the settings below, in VS
# the diff markers are never inserted). Diff markers may cause the following
# file extensions to fail to load in VS. An alternative would be to treat
# these files as binary and thus will always conflict and require user
# intervention with every merge. To do so, just uncomment the entries below
###############################################################################
#*.sln merge=binary
#*.csproj merge=binary
#*.vbproj merge=binary
#*.vcxproj merge=binary
#*.vcproj merge=binary
#*.dbproj merge=binary
#*.fsproj merge=binary
#*.lsproj merge=binary
#*.wixproj merge=binary
#*.modelproj merge=binary
#*.sqlproj merge=binary
#*.wwaproj merge=binary
###############################################################################
# behavior for image files
#
# image files are treated as binary by default.
###############################################################################
#*.jpg binary
#*.png binary
#*.gif binary
###############################################################################
# diff behavior for common document formats
#
# Convert binary document formats to text before diffing them. This feature
# is only available from the command line. Turn it on by uncommenting the
# entries below.
###############################################################################
#*.doc diff=astextplain
#*.DOC diff=astextplain
#*.docx diff=astextplain
#*.DOCX diff=astextplain
#*.dot diff=astextplain
#*.DOT diff=astextplain
#*.pdf diff=astextplain
#*.PDF diff=astextplain
#*.rtf diff=astextplain
#*.RTF diff=astextplain

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language: python
python:
- 3.6
- nightly
install:
- pip install pipenv
- pipenv install --dev
script:
- pipenv run python -m unittest

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@ -1,15 +1,29 @@
FROM python:3.6-alpine
FROM python:3.8-alpine AS builder
WORKDIR /app
ENV PATH="/root/.poetry/bin:$PATH"
# Install dependencies.
ADD requirements.txt /app
RUN cd /app && \
pip install -r requirements.txt
RUN apk add --no-cache build-base libffi-dev curl \
&& curl -sSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sdispater/poetry/master/get-poetry.py | python \
&& python -m venv .venv \
&& poetry config virtualenvs.in-project true \
&& .venv/bin/pip install --no-cache-dir -U pip setuptools
# Add actual source code.
ADD blockchain.py /app
COPY pyproject.toml poetry.lock ./
RUN poetry install --no-dev --no-root --no-interaction
EXPOSE 5000
COPY blockchain/ ./blockchain/
CMD ["python", "blockchain.py", "--port", "5000"]
FROM python:3.8-alpine
EXPOSE 80
WORKDIR /app
CMD ["uvicorn", "run:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80"]
ENV PATH="/app/.venv/bin:$PATH" \
PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
RUN apk add --no-cache libc-dev binutils
COPY run.py ./
COPY --from=builder /app/ ./

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Pipfile
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[[source]]
url = "https://pypi.python.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true
name = "pypi"
[dev-packages]
[requires]
python_version = "3.6"
[packages]
flask = "==0.12.2"
requests = "==2.18.4"

109
Pipfile.lock generated
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{
"_meta": {
"hash": {
"sha256": "45af71184b5b013f58a8601f7f87c9f0b882afe19f197ce45d6d08e46d615159"
},
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"implementation_name": "cpython",
"implementation_version": "3.6.2",
"os_name": "posix",
"platform_machine": "x86_64",
"platform_python_implementation": "CPython",
"platform_release": "4.10.0-35-generic",
"platform_system": "Linux",
"platform_version": "#39~16.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Wed Sep 13 09:02:42 UTC 2017",
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"python_version": "3.6",
"sys_platform": "linux"
},
"pipfile-spec": 6,
"requires": {
"python_version": "3.6"
},
"sources": [
{
"name": "pypi",
"url": "https://pypi.python.org/simple",
"verify_ssl": true
}
]
},
"default": {
"certifi": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:54a07c09c586b0e4c619f02a5e94e36619da8e2b053e20f594348c0611803704",
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],
"version": "==2017.7.27.1"
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"hashes": [
"sha256:a6be69091dac236ea9c6bc7d012beab42010fa914c459791d627dad4910eb665"
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"sha256:06330f386d6e4b195fbfc736b297f58c5a892e4440e54d294d7004e3a9bbea1b",
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}
},
"develop": {}
}

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# Learn Blockchains by Building One
# Blockchain 101
[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/dvf/blockchain.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/dvf/blockchain)
This is the source code for my post on [Building a Blockchain](https://medium.com/p/117428612f46).
Simple blockchain written in python
## Installation
1. Make sure [Python 3.6+](https://www.python.org/downloads/) is installed.
2. Install [pipenv](https://github.com/kennethreitz/pipenv).
1. Make sure [Python 3.6+](https://www.python.org/downloads/) is installed.
2. Install [poetry](https://github.com/sdispater/poetry).
3. Install requirements
```
$ poetry install
```
```
$ pip install pipenv
```
3. Install requirements
```
$ pipenv install
```
4. Copy `.env.example` to `.env`
5. Start some nodes:
* `$ poetry run flask run -p 5000`
* `$ poetry run flask run -p 5001`
4. Run the server:
* `$ pipenv run python blockchain.py`
* `$ pipenv run python blockchain.py -p 5001`
* `$ pipenv run python blockchain.py --port 5002`
## Docker
Another option for running this blockchain program is to use Docker. Follow the instructions below to create a local Docker container:
1. Clone this repository
2. Build the docker container
1. Build the docker image
```
$ docker build -t blockchain .
$ docker-compose build
```
3. Run the container
2. Run the nodes
```
$ docker run --rm -p 80:5000 blockchain
$ docker-compose up -d
```
4. To add more instances, vary the public port number before the colon:
4. To add more nodes, add a new service to the `docker-compose.yml` file
and adjust the port number.
```
$ docker run --rm -p 81:5000 blockchain
$ docker run --rm -p 82:5000 blockchain
$ docker run --rm -p 83:5000 blockchain
```yaml
node2:
build: .
ports:
- 5002:80
```
## Installation (C# Implementation)
1. Install a free copy of Visual Studio IDE (Community Edition):
https://www.visualstudio.com/vs/
2. Once installed, open the solution file (BlockChain.sln) using the File > Open > Project/Solution menu options within Visual Studio.
3. From within the "Solution Explorer", right click the BlockChain.Console project and select the "Set As Startup Project" option.
4. Click the "Start" button, or hit F5 to run. The program executes in a console window, and is controlled via HTTP with the same commands as the Python version.
## Contributing
Contributions are welcome! Please feel free to submit a Pull Request.
## Credits
[dvf](github.com/dvf/) for the original blockchain code

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import hashlib
import json
from time import time
from urllib.parse import urlparse
from uuid import uuid4
import requests
from flask import Flask, jsonify, request
class Blockchain:
def __init__(self):
self.current_transactions = []
self.chain = []
self.nodes = set()
# Create the genesis block
self.new_block(previous_hash='1', proof=100)
def register_node(self, address):
"""
Add a new node to the list of nodes
:param address: Address of node. Eg. 'http://192.168.0.5:5000'
"""
parsed_url = urlparse(address)
if parsed_url.netloc:
self.nodes.add(parsed_url.netloc)
elif parsed_url.path:
# Accepts an URL without scheme like '192.168.0.5:5000'.
self.nodes.add(parsed_url.path)
else:
raise ValueError('Invalid URL')
def valid_chain(self, chain):
"""
Determine if a given blockchain is valid
:param chain: A blockchain
:return: True if valid, False if not
"""
last_block = chain[0]
current_index = 1
while current_index < len(chain):
block = chain[current_index]
print(f'{last_block}')
print(f'{block}')
print("\n-----------\n")
# Check that the hash of the block is correct
last_block_hash = self.hash(last_block)
if block['previous_hash'] != last_block_hash:
return False
# Check that the Proof of Work is correct
if not self.valid_proof(last_block['proof'], block['proof'], last_block_hash):
return False
last_block = block
current_index += 1
return True
def resolve_conflicts(self):
"""
This is our consensus algorithm, it resolves conflicts
by replacing our chain with the longest one in the network.
:return: True if our chain was replaced, False if not
"""
neighbours = self.nodes
new_chain = None
# We're only looking for chains longer than ours
max_length = len(self.chain)
# Grab and verify the chains from all the nodes in our network
for node in neighbours:
response = requests.get(f'http://{node}/chain')
if response.status_code == 200:
length = response.json()['length']
chain = response.json()['chain']
# Check if the length is longer and the chain is valid
if length > max_length and self.valid_chain(chain):
max_length = length
new_chain = chain
# Replace our chain if we discovered a new, valid chain longer than ours
if new_chain:
self.chain = new_chain
return True
return False
def new_block(self, proof, previous_hash):
"""
Create a new Block in the Blockchain
:param proof: The proof given by the Proof of Work algorithm
:param previous_hash: Hash of previous Block
:return: New Block
"""
block = {
'index': len(self.chain) + 1,
'timestamp': time(),
'transactions': self.current_transactions,
'proof': proof,
'previous_hash': previous_hash or self.hash(self.chain[-1]),
}
# Reset the current list of transactions
self.current_transactions = []
self.chain.append(block)
return block
def new_transaction(self, sender, recipient, amount):
"""
Creates a new transaction to go into the next mined Block
:param sender: Address of the Sender
:param recipient: Address of the Recipient
:param amount: Amount
:return: The index of the Block that will hold this transaction
"""
self.current_transactions.append({
'sender': sender,
'recipient': recipient,
'amount': amount,
})
return self.last_block['index'] + 1
@property
def last_block(self):
return self.chain[-1]
@staticmethod
def hash(block):
"""
Creates a SHA-256 hash of a Block
:param block: Block
"""
# We must make sure that the Dictionary is Ordered, or we'll have inconsistent hashes
block_string = json.dumps(block, sort_keys=True).encode()
return hashlib.sha256(block_string).hexdigest()
def proof_of_work(self, last_block):
"""
Simple Proof of Work Algorithm:
- Find a number p' such that hash(pp') contains leading 4 zeroes
- Where p is the previous proof, and p' is the new proof
:param last_block: <dict> last Block
:return: <int>
"""
last_proof = last_block['proof']
last_hash = self.hash(last_block)
proof = 0
while self.valid_proof(last_proof, proof, last_hash) is False:
proof += 1
return proof
@staticmethod
def valid_proof(last_proof, proof, last_hash):
"""
Validates the Proof
:param last_proof: <int> Previous Proof
:param proof: <int> Current Proof
:param last_hash: <str> The hash of the Previous Block
:return: <bool> True if correct, False if not.
"""
guess = f'{last_proof}{proof}{last_hash}'.encode()
guess_hash = hashlib.sha256(guess).hexdigest()
return guess_hash[:4] == "0000"
# Instantiate the Node
app = Flask(__name__)
# Generate a globally unique address for this node
node_identifier = str(uuid4()).replace('-', '')
# Instantiate the Blockchain
blockchain = Blockchain()
@app.route('/mine', methods=['GET'])
def mine():
# We run the proof of work algorithm to get the next proof...
last_block = blockchain.last_block
proof = blockchain.proof_of_work(last_block)
# We must receive a reward for finding the proof.
# The sender is "0" to signify that this node has mined a new coin.
blockchain.new_transaction(
sender="0",
recipient=node_identifier,
amount=1,
)
# Forge the new Block by adding it to the chain
previous_hash = blockchain.hash(last_block)
block = blockchain.new_block(proof, previous_hash)
response = {
'message': "New Block Forged",
'index': block['index'],
'transactions': block['transactions'],
'proof': block['proof'],
'previous_hash': block['previous_hash'],
}
return jsonify(response), 200
@app.route('/transactions/new', methods=['POST'])
def new_transaction():
values = request.get_json()
# Check that the required fields are in the POST'ed data
required = ['sender', 'recipient', 'amount']
if not all(k in values for k in required):
return 'Missing values', 400
# Create a new Transaction
index = blockchain.new_transaction(values['sender'], values['recipient'], values['amount'])
response = {'message': f'Transaction will be added to Block {index}'}
return jsonify(response), 201
@app.route('/chain', methods=['GET'])
def full_chain():
response = {
'chain': blockchain.chain,
'length': len(blockchain.chain),
}
return jsonify(response), 200
@app.route('/nodes/register', methods=['POST'])
def register_nodes():
values = request.get_json()
nodes = values.get('nodes')
if nodes is None:
return "Error: Please supply a valid list of nodes", 400
for node in nodes:
blockchain.register_node(node)
response = {
'message': 'New nodes have been added',
'total_nodes': list(blockchain.nodes),
}
return jsonify(response), 201
@app.route('/nodes/resolve', methods=['GET'])
def consensus():
replaced = blockchain.resolve_conflicts()
if replaced:
response = {
'message': 'Our chain was replaced',
'new_chain': blockchain.chain
}
else:
response = {
'message': 'Our chain is authoritative',
'chain': blockchain.chain
}
return jsonify(response), 200
if __name__ == '__main__':
from argparse import ArgumentParser
parser = ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('-p', '--port', default=5000, type=int, help='port to listen on')
args = parser.parse_args()
port = args.port
app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=port)

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#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# vim:fenc=utf-8
from uuid import uuid4
from fastapi import FastAPI
from .blockchain import Blockchain
blockchain = Blockchain()
identifier = str(uuid4()).replace('-', '')
def init_routers(app):
from .routers import misc
app.include_router(
misc.router,
prefix='',
tags=['misc'],
)
from .routers import nodes
app.include_router(
nodes.router,
prefix='/nodes',
tags=['nodes'],
)
def create_app():
app = FastAPI()
init_routers(app)
return app

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import hashlib
from decimal import Decimal
from time import time
from urllib.parse import urlparse
import requests
from .utils import dumps, do_process_pow, valid_proof
DIFFICULTY = 8
class Blockchain:
def __init__(self):
self.current_transactions = []
self.chain = []
self.peers = set()
# Create the genesis block
self.new_block(previous_hash='1', proof=100)
def register_node(self, address):
"""
Add a new node to the list of nodes
:param address: Address of the node
"""
parsed_url = urlparse(address)
if parsed_url.netloc:
self.peers.add(parsed_url.netloc)
elif parsed_url.path:
# Accepts an URL without scheme like '192.168.0.5:5000'.
self.peers.add(parsed_url.path)
else:
raise ValueError('Invalid URL')
def valid_chain(self, chain):
"""
Determine if a given blockchain is valid
:param chain: A blockchain
:return: True if valid, False if not
"""
last_block = chain[0]
current_index = 1
while current_index < len(chain):
block = chain[current_index]
# print(f'{last_block}')
# print(f'{block}')
# print("\n-----------\n")
# Check that the hash of the block is correct
last_block_hash = self.hash(last_block)
if block['previous_hash'] != last_block_hash:
return False
# Check that the Proof of Work is correct
if not valid_proof(last_block['proof'], block['proof'], last_block_hash, DIFFICULTY):
return False
last_block = block
current_index += 1
return True
def resolve_conflicts(self):
"""
This is our consensus algorithm, it resolves conflicts
by replacing our chain with the longest one in the network.
:return: True if our chain was replaced, False if not
"""
new_chain = None
# We're only looking for chains longer than ours
max_length = len(self.chain)
# Grab and verify the chains from all the peers in our network
for node in self.peers:
response = requests.get(f'http://{node}/chain')
if response.status_code == 200:
length = response.json()['length']
chain = response.json()['chain']
# Check if the length is longer and the chain is valid
if length > max_length and self.valid_chain(chain):
max_length = length
new_chain = chain
# Replace our chain if we discovered a new, valid chain longer than ours
if new_chain:
self.chain = new_chain
return True
return False
def new_block(self, proof, previous_hash):
"""
Create a new Block in the Blockchain
:param proof: The proof given by the Proof of Work algorithm
:param previous_hash: Hash of previous Block
:return: New Block
"""
block = {
'index': len(self.chain) + 1,
'timestamp': time(),
'transactions': self.current_transactions,
'proof': proof,
'previous_hash': previous_hash or self.hash(self.chain[-1]),
}
self.current_transactions = []
self.chain.append(block)
return block
def broadcast_transaction(self, transaction):
for node in self.peers:
response = requests.post(
f'http://{node}/transactions',
data=dumps(transaction, separators=(",", ":")),
headers={'content-type': 'application/json'},
)
if response.status_code != 202:
print(f'Failed to send transaction to node {node}', response)
def new_transaction(self, sender, recipient, amount, timestamp=None, mine=False):
"""
Creates a new transaction to go into the next mined Block
:param sender: Address of the Sender
:param recipient: Address of the Recipient
:param amount: Amount
:return: The index of the Block that will hold this transaction
"""
transaction = {
'sender': sender,
'recipient': recipient,
'amount': amount,
'timestamp': timestamp or time(),
}
if transaction not in self.current_transactions:
self.current_transactions.append(transaction)
print(f'added transaction to list {mine}')
if not mine:
self.broadcast_transaction(transaction)
@property
def last_block(self):
return self.chain[-1]
@staticmethod
def hash(block):
"""
Creates a SHA-256 hash of a Block
:param block: Block
"""
block_string = dumps(block, separators=(",", ":"), sort_keys=True).encode()
return hashlib.sha256(block_string).hexdigest()
def proof_of_work(self, last_block):
"""
Simple Proof of Work Algorithm:
- Find a number p' such that hash(pp') contains leading DIFFICULTY zeroes
- Where p is the previous proof, and p' is the new proof
:param last_block: <dict> last Block
:return: <int>
"""
last_proof = last_block['proof']
last_hash = self.hash(last_block)
return do_process_pow(last_proof, last_hash, DIFFICULTY)
def get_balance(self, identifier):
"""
Returns the balance of a node, by iterating through all transactions
:param identifier: <str> node identifier
:return: <int> balance of the node
"""
if not self.valid_chain(self.chain):
return None
balance = Decimal(0)
for block in self.chain:
for transaction in block['transactions']:
if transaction['sender'] == identifier:
balance -= transaction['amount']
if transaction['recipient'] == identifier:
balance += transaction['amount']
return balance

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#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# vim:fenc=utf-8
#
# Copyright © 2020 <pavle.portic@tilda.center>
#
# Distributed under terms of the BSD 3-Clause license.

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#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# vim:fenc=utf-8
#
# Copyright © 2020 <pavle.portic@tilda.center>
#
# Distributed under terms of the BSD 3-Clause license.
from decimal import Decimal
from fastapi import APIRouter
from .. import blockchain, identifier
from ..schemas import Transaction
router = APIRouter()
@router.post('/mine', status_code=200)
async def mine():
last_block = blockchain.last_block
proof = blockchain.proof_of_work(last_block)
blockchain.new_transaction(
sender='0',
recipient=identifier,
amount=Decimal(1),
timestamp=None,
mine=True,
)
previous_hash = blockchain.hash(last_block)
block = blockchain.new_block(proof, previous_hash)
return {
'msg': 'New Block Forged',
'index': block['index'],
'transactions': block['transactions'],
'proof': block['proof'],
'previous_hash': block['previous_hash'],
}
@router.post('/transactions', status_code=202)
async def create_transaction(request: Transaction):
blockchain.new_transaction(
request.sender,
request.recipient,
request.amount,
request.timestamp,
)
return {
'msg': f'Transaction sent'
}
@router.get('/chain', status_code=200)
async def full_chain():
return {
'chain': blockchain.chain,
'length': len(blockchain.chain),
}
@router.get('/identifier', status_code=200)
async def get_identifier():
return {
'identifier': identifier
}

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@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# vim:fenc=utf-8
#
# Copyright © 2020 <pavle.portic@tilda.center>
#
# Distributed under terms of the BSD 3-Clause license.
from fastapi import APIRouter
from .. import blockchain
from ..schemas import NodeList
router = APIRouter()
@router.get('/', status_code=200)
async def get_nodes():
return {
'nodes': list(blockchain.peers),
}
@router.get('/{identifier}/balance', status_code=200)
async def get_balance(identifier: str):
balance = blockchain.get_balance(identifier)
if balance is None:
return {
'msg': 'Chain is not valid',
}, 500
return {
'identifier': identifier,
'balance': balance,
}
@router.post('/register', status_code=201)
async def register_nodes(request: NodeList):
if None in (request.nodes,):
return {'msg': 'No valid list of nodes'}, 400
for node in request.nodes:
blockchain.register_node(node)
return {
'msg': 'New peers have been added',
'peers': list(blockchain.peers),
}
@router.post('/resolve', status_code=200)
async def consensus():
replaced = blockchain.resolve_conflicts()
if replaced:
message = 'Our chain was replaced'
else:
message = 'Our chain is authoritative'
return {
'msg': message,
'chain': blockchain.chain,
}

23
blockchain/schemas.py Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# vim:fenc=utf-8
#
# Copyright © 2020 <pavle.portic@tilda.center>
#
# Distributed under terms of the BSD 3-Clause license.
from decimal import Decimal
from typing import List
from pydantic import BaseModel
class NodeList(BaseModel):
nodes: List[str]
class Transaction(BaseModel):
sender: str
recipient: str
amount: Decimal
timestamp: float = None

110
blockchain/utils.py Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# vim:fenc=utf-8
#
# Copyright © 2020 <pavle.portic@tilda.center>
#
# Distributed under terms of the BSD 3-Clause license.
import hashlib
import itertools
import json
from decimal import Decimal
from multiprocessing import (
cpu_count,
Pool,
Process,
Queue
)
class DecimalJsonEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
def default(self, obj):
if isinstance(obj, Decimal):
return float(obj)
return super(DecimalJsonEncoder, self).default(obj)
def dumps(*data, **kwargs):
return json.dumps(
data,
cls=DecimalJsonEncoder,
**kwargs,
)
def do_pooled_pow(last_proof, last_hash, difficulty):
queue = Queue()
with Pool(1) as p:
result = p.starmap_async(pool_worker, ((
queue,
i,
last_proof,
last_hash,
difficulty,
) for i in itertools.count()), chunksize=100)
proof = queue.get()
result.wait()
p.terminate()
return proof
def pool_worker(queue, proof, last_proof, last_hash, difficulty):
if valid_proof(last_proof, proof, last_hash):
queue.put(proof)
return proof
return None
def do_process_pow(last_proof, last_hash, difficulty):
queue = Queue()
processes = [
Process(
target=process_worker,
args=(
queue,
last_proof,
last_hash,
difficulty,
step,
)
) for step in range(cpu_count())
]
for p in processes:
p.start()
proof = queue.get()
for p in processes:
p.terminate()
return proof
def process_worker(queue, last_proof, last_hash, difficulty, step):
proof = step
while not valid_proof(last_proof, proof, last_hash, difficulty):
proof += step
queue.put(proof)
return
def valid_proof(last_proof, proof, last_hash, difficulty):
"""
Validates the Proof
:param last_proof: <int> Previous Proof
:param proof: <int> Current Proof
:param last_hash: <str> The hash of the Previous Block
:return: <bool> True if correct, False if not.
"""
guess = f'{last_proof}{proof}{last_hash}'.encode()
guess_hash = hashlib.sha256(guess)
binary_hash = ''.join(format(n, '08b') for n in guess_hash.digest())
return binary_hash[:difficulty] == '0' * difficulty

View File

@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
<startup>
<supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5.1"/>
</startup>
<appSettings>
<add key="host" value="localhost" />
<add key="port" value="12345" />
</appSettings>
</configuration>

View File

@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project ToolsVersion="15.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
<Import Project="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)\$(MSBuildToolsVersion)\Microsoft.Common.props" Condition="Exists('$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)\$(MSBuildToolsVersion)\Microsoft.Common.props')" />
<PropertyGroup>
<Configuration Condition=" '$(Configuration)' == '' ">Debug</Configuration>
<Platform Condition=" '$(Platform)' == '' ">AnyCPU</Platform>
<ProjectGuid>{D0C795A0-6F20-4A8E-BE44-801678754DA4}</ProjectGuid>
<OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
<RootNamespace>BlockChainDemo.Console</RootNamespace>
<AssemblyName>BlockChainDemo.Console</AssemblyName>
<TargetFrameworkVersion>v4.5.1</TargetFrameworkVersion>
<FileAlignment>512</FileAlignment>
<AutoGenerateBindingRedirects>true</AutoGenerateBindingRedirects>
<SccProjectName>SAK</SccProjectName>
<SccLocalPath>SAK</SccLocalPath>
<SccAuxPath>SAK</SccAuxPath>
<SccProvider>SAK</SccProvider>
<TargetFrameworkProfile />
</PropertyGroup>
<PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Debug|AnyCPU' ">
<PlatformTarget>AnyCPU</PlatformTarget>
<DebugSymbols>true</DebugSymbols>
<DebugType>full</DebugType>
<Optimize>false</Optimize>
<OutputPath>bin\Debug\</OutputPath>
<DefineConstants>DEBUG;TRACE</DefineConstants>
<ErrorReport>prompt</ErrorReport>
<WarningLevel>4</WarningLevel>
</PropertyGroup>
<PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Release|AnyCPU' ">
<PlatformTarget>AnyCPU</PlatformTarget>
<DebugType>pdbonly</DebugType>
<Optimize>true</Optimize>
<OutputPath>bin\Release\</OutputPath>
<DefineConstants>TRACE</DefineConstants>
<ErrorReport>prompt</ErrorReport>
<WarningLevel>4</WarningLevel>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Reference Include="System" />
<Reference Include="System.Core" />
<Reference Include="System.Xml.Linq" />
<Reference Include="System.Data.DataSetExtensions" />
<Reference Include="Microsoft.CSharp" />
<Reference Include="System.Data" />
<Reference Include="System.Net.Http" />
<Reference Include="System.Xml" />
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Compile Include="Program.cs" />
<Compile Include="Properties\AssemblyInfo.cs" />
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<None Include="App.config" />
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<ProjectReference Include="..\BlockChain\BlockChain.csproj">
<Project>{e06fc4ce-77d0-4a64-94a6-32a08920e481}</Project>
<Name>BlockChain</Name>
</ProjectReference>
</ItemGroup>
<Import Project="$(MSBuildToolsPath)\Microsoft.CSharp.targets" />
</Project>

View File

@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
namespace BlockChainDemo.Console
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var chain = new BlockChain();
var server = new WebServer(chain);
System.Console.Read();
}
}
}

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@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
// General Information about an assembly is controlled through the following
// set of attributes. Change these attribute values to modify the information
// associated with an assembly.
[assembly: AssemblyTitle("BlockChain.Console")]
[assembly: AssemblyDescription("")]
[assembly: AssemblyConfiguration("")]
[assembly: AssemblyCompany("")]
[assembly: AssemblyProduct("BlockChain.Console")]
[assembly: AssemblyCopyright("Copyright © 2017")]
[assembly: AssemblyTrademark("")]
[assembly: AssemblyCulture("")]
// Setting ComVisible to false makes the types in this assembly not visible
// to COM components. If you need to access a type in this assembly from
// COM, set the ComVisible attribute to true on that type.
[assembly: ComVisible(false)]
// The following GUID is for the ID of the typelib if this project is exposed to COM
[assembly: Guid("d0c795a0-6f20-4a8e-be44-801678754da4")]
// Version information for an assembly consists of the following four values:
//
// Major Version
// Minor Version
// Build Number
// Revision
//
// You can specify all the values or you can default the Build and Revision Numbers
// by using the '*' as shown below:
// [assembly: AssemblyVersion("1.0.*")]
[assembly: AssemblyVersion("1.0.0.0")]
[assembly: AssemblyFileVersion("1.0.0.0")]

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@ -1,43 +0,0 @@

Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00
# Visual Studio 15
VisualStudioVersion = 15.0.27004.2008
MinimumVisualStudioVersion = 10.0.40219.1
Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "BlockChain", "BlockChain\BlockChain.csproj", "{E06FC4CE-77D0-4A64-94A6-32A08920E481}"
EndProject
Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "BlockChain.Console", "BlockChain.Console\BlockChain.Console.csproj", "{D0C795A0-6F20-4A8E-BE44-801678754DA4}"
EndProject
Global
GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
Debug|Any CPU = Debug|Any CPU
Release|Any CPU = Release|Any CPU
EndGlobalSection
GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution
{E06FC4CE-77D0-4A64-94A6-32A08920E481}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
{E06FC4CE-77D0-4A64-94A6-32A08920E481}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
{E06FC4CE-77D0-4A64-94A6-32A08920E481}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
{E06FC4CE-77D0-4A64-94A6-32A08920E481}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
{D0C795A0-6F20-4A8E-BE44-801678754DA4}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
{D0C795A0-6F20-4A8E-BE44-801678754DA4}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
{D0C795A0-6F20-4A8E-BE44-801678754DA4}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
{D0C795A0-6F20-4A8E-BE44-801678754DA4}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
EndGlobalSection
GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
HideSolutionNode = FALSE
EndGlobalSection
GlobalSection(ExtensibilityGlobals) = postSolution
SolutionGuid = {7FB3650B-CAFB-4A71-940B-0CA6F0377422}
EndGlobalSection
GlobalSection(TeamFoundationVersionControl) = preSolution
SccNumberOfProjects = 3
SccEnterpriseProvider = {4CA58AB2-18FA-4F8D-95D4-32DDF27D184C}
SccTeamFoundationServer = https://devfire.visualstudio.com/
SccLocalPath0 = .
SccProjectUniqueName1 = BlockChain\\BlockChain.csproj
SccProjectName1 = BlockChain
SccLocalPath1 = BlockChain
SccProjectUniqueName2 = BlockChain.Console\\BlockChain.Console.csproj
SccProjectName2 = BlockChain.Console
SccLocalPath2 = BlockChain.Console
EndGlobalSection
EndGlobal

View File

@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace BlockChainDemo
{
public class Block
{
public int Index { get; set; }
public DateTime Timestamp { get; set; }
public List<Transaction> Transactions { get; set; }
public int Proof { get; set; }
public string PreviousHash { get; set; }
public override string ToString()
{
return $"{Index} [{Timestamp.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")}] Proof: {Proof} | PrevHash: {PreviousHash} | Trx: {Transactions.Count}";
}
}
}

View File

@ -1,226 +0,0 @@
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
namespace BlockChainDemo
{
public class BlockChain
{
private List<Transaction> _currentTransactions = new List<Transaction>();
private List<Block> _chain = new List<Block>();
private List<Node> _nodes = new List<Node>();
private Block _lastBlock => _chain.Last();
public string NodeId { get; private set; }
//ctor
public BlockChain()
{
NodeId = Guid.NewGuid().ToString().Replace("-", "");
CreateNewBlock(proof: 100, previousHash: "1"); //genesis block
}
//private functionality
private void RegisterNode(string address)
{
_nodes.Add(new Node { Address = new Uri(address) });
}
private bool IsValidChain(List<Block> chain)
{
Block block = null;
Block lastBlock = chain.First();
int currentIndex = 1;
while (currentIndex < chain.Count)
{
block = chain.ElementAt(currentIndex);
Debug.WriteLine($"{lastBlock}");
Debug.WriteLine($"{block}");
Debug.WriteLine("----------------------------");
//Check that the hash of the block is correct
if (block.PreviousHash != GetHash(lastBlock))
return false;
//Check that the Proof of Work is correct
if (!IsValidProof(lastBlock.Proof, block.Proof, lastBlock.PreviousHash))
return false;
lastBlock = block;
currentIndex++;
}
return true;
}
private bool ResolveConflicts()
{
List<Block> newChain = null;
int maxLength = _chain.Count;
foreach (Node node in _nodes)
{
var url = new Uri(node.Address, "/chain");
var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
if (response.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
{
var model = new
{
chain = new List<Block>(),
length = 0
};
string json = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()).ReadToEnd();
var data = JsonConvert.DeserializeAnonymousType(json, model);
if (data.chain.Count > _chain.Count && IsValidChain(data.chain))
{
maxLength = data.chain.Count;
newChain = data.chain;
}
}
}
if (newChain != null)
{
_chain = newChain;
return true;
}
return false;
}
private Block CreateNewBlock(int proof, string previousHash = null)
{
var block = new Block
{
Index = _chain.Count,
Timestamp = DateTime.UtcNow,
Transactions = _currentTransactions.ToList(),
Proof = proof,
PreviousHash = previousHash ?? GetHash(_chain.Last())
};
_currentTransactions.Clear();
_chain.Add(block);
return block;
}
private int CreateProofOfWork(int lastProof, string previousHash)
{
int proof = 0;
while (!IsValidProof(lastProof, proof, previousHash))
proof++;
return proof;
}
private bool IsValidProof(int lastProof, int proof, string previousHash)
{
string guess = $"{lastProof}{proof}{previousHash}";
string result = GetSha256(guess);
return result.StartsWith("0000");
}
private string GetHash(Block block)
{
string blockText = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(block);
return GetSha256(blockText);
}
private string GetSha256(string data)
{
var sha256 = new SHA256Managed();
var hashBuilder = new StringBuilder();
byte[] bytes = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(data);
byte[] hash = sha256.ComputeHash(bytes);
foreach (byte x in hash)
hashBuilder.Append($"{x:x2}");
return hashBuilder.ToString();
}
//web server calls
internal string Mine()
{
int proof = CreateProofOfWork(_lastBlock.Proof, _lastBlock.PreviousHash);
CreateTransaction(sender: "0", recipient: NodeId, amount: 1);
Block block = CreateNewBlock(proof /*, _lastBlock.PreviousHash*/);
var response = new
{
Message = "New Block Forged",
Index = block.Index,
Transactions = block.Transactions.ToArray(),
Proof = block.Proof,
PreviousHash = block.PreviousHash
};
return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(response);
}
internal string GetFullChain()
{
var response = new
{
chain = _chain.ToArray(),
length = _chain.Count
};
return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(response);
}
internal string RegisterNodes(string[] nodes)
{
var builder = new StringBuilder();
foreach (string node in nodes)
{
string url = $"http://{node}";
RegisterNode(url);
builder.Append($"{url}, ");
}
builder.Insert(0, $"{nodes.Count()} new nodes have been added: ");
string result = builder.ToString();
return result.Substring(0, result.Length - 2);
}
internal string Consensus()
{
bool replaced = ResolveConflicts();
string message = replaced ? "was replaced" : "is authoritive";
var response = new
{
Message = $"Our chain {message}",
Chain = _chain
};
return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(response);
}
internal int CreateTransaction(string sender, string recipient, int amount)
{
var transaction = new Transaction
{
Sender = sender,
Recipient = recipient,
Amount = amount
};
_currentTransactions.Add(transaction);
return _lastBlock != null ? _lastBlock.Index + 1 : 0;
}
}
}

View File

@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project ToolsVersion="14.0" DefaultTargets="Build" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
<Import Project="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)\$(MSBuildToolsVersion)\Microsoft.Common.props" Condition="Exists('$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)\$(MSBuildToolsVersion)\Microsoft.Common.props')" />
<PropertyGroup>
<Configuration Condition=" '$(Configuration)' == '' ">Debug</Configuration>
<Platform Condition=" '$(Platform)' == '' ">AnyCPU</Platform>
<ProjectGuid>{E06FC4CE-77D0-4A64-94A6-32A08920E481}</ProjectGuid>
<OutputType>Library</OutputType>
<AppDesignerFolder>Properties</AppDesignerFolder>
<RootNamespace>BlockChainDemo</RootNamespace>
<AssemblyName>BlockChainDemo</AssemblyName>
<TargetFrameworkVersion>v4.5.1</TargetFrameworkVersion>
<FileAlignment>512</FileAlignment>
<SccProjectName>SAK</SccProjectName>
<SccLocalPath>SAK</SccLocalPath>
<SccAuxPath>SAK</SccAuxPath>
<SccProvider>SAK</SccProvider>
<TargetFrameworkProfile />
</PropertyGroup>
<PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Debug|AnyCPU' ">
<DebugSymbols>true</DebugSymbols>
<DebugType>full</DebugType>
<Optimize>false</Optimize>
<OutputPath>bin\Debug\</OutputPath>
<DefineConstants>DEBUG;TRACE</DefineConstants>
<ErrorReport>prompt</ErrorReport>
<WarningLevel>4</WarningLevel>
</PropertyGroup>
<PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Release|AnyCPU' ">
<DebugType>pdbonly</DebugType>
<Optimize>true</Optimize>
<OutputPath>bin\Release\</OutputPath>
<DefineConstants>TRACE</DefineConstants>
<ErrorReport>prompt</ErrorReport>
<WarningLevel>4</WarningLevel>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Reference Include="Newtonsoft.Json, Version=10.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=30ad4fe6b2a6aeed, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>..\packages\Newtonsoft.Json.10.0.3\lib\net45\Newtonsoft.Json.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System" />
<Reference Include="System.configuration" />
<Reference Include="System.Core" />
<Reference Include="System.Xml.Linq" />
<Reference Include="System.Data.DataSetExtensions" />
<Reference Include="Microsoft.CSharp" />
<Reference Include="System.Data" />
<Reference Include="System.Net.Http" />
<Reference Include="System.Xml" />
<Reference Include="TinyWebServer, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
<HintPath>..\packages\TinyWebServer.dll.1.0.1\lib\net40\TinyWebServer.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Compile Include="Block.cs" />
<Compile Include="BlockChain.cs" />
<Compile Include="Node.cs" />
<Compile Include="Properties\AssemblyInfo.cs" />
<Compile Include="Transaction.cs" />
<Compile Include="WebServer.cs" />
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<None Include="packages.config" />
</ItemGroup>
<Import Project="$(MSBuildToolsPath)\Microsoft.CSharp.targets" />
<!-- To modify your build process, add your task inside one of the targets below and uncomment it.
Other similar extension points exist, see Microsoft.Common.targets.
<Target Name="BeforeBuild">
</Target>
<Target Name="AfterBuild">
</Target>
-->
</Project>

View File

@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
using System;
namespace BlockChainDemo
{
public class Node
{
public Uri Address { get; set; }
}
}

View File

@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
// General Information about an assembly is controlled through the following
// set of attributes. Change these attribute values to modify the information
// associated with an assembly.
[assembly: AssemblyTitle("BlockChain")]
[assembly: AssemblyDescription("")]
[assembly: AssemblyConfiguration("")]
[assembly: AssemblyCompany("")]
[assembly: AssemblyProduct("BlockChain")]
[assembly: AssemblyCopyright("Copyright © 2017")]
[assembly: AssemblyTrademark("")]
[assembly: AssemblyCulture("")]
// Setting ComVisible to false makes the types in this assembly not visible
// to COM components. If you need to access a type in this assembly from
// COM, set the ComVisible attribute to true on that type.
[assembly: ComVisible(false)]
// The following GUID is for the ID of the typelib if this project is exposed to COM
[assembly: Guid("e06fc4ce-77d0-4a64-94a6-32a08920e481")]
// Version information for an assembly consists of the following four values:
//
// Major Version
// Minor Version
// Build Number
// Revision
//
// You can specify all the values or you can default the Build and Revision Numbers
// by using the '*' as shown below:
// [assembly: AssemblyVersion("1.0.*")]
[assembly: AssemblyVersion("1.0.0.0")]
[assembly: AssemblyFileVersion("1.0.0.0")]

View File

@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
namespace BlockChainDemo
{
public class Transaction
{
public int Amount { get; set; }
public string Recipient { get; set; }
public string Sender { get; set; }
}
}

View File

@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System.Configuration;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
namespace BlockChainDemo
{
public class WebServer
{
public WebServer(BlockChain chain)
{
var settings = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings;
string host = settings["host"]?.Length > 1 ? settings["host"] : "localhost";
string port = settings["port"]?.Length > 1 ? settings["port"] : "12345";
var server = new TinyWebServer.WebServer(request =>
{
string path = request.Url.PathAndQuery.ToLower();
string query = "";
string json = "";
if (path.Contains("?"))
{
string[] parts = path.Split('?');
path = parts[0];
query = parts[1];
}
switch (path)
{
//GET: http://localhost:12345/mine
case "/mine":
return chain.Mine();
//POST: http://localhost:12345/transactions/new
//{ "Amount":123, "Recipient":"ebeabf5cc1d54abdbca5a8fe9493b479", "Sender":"31de2e0ef1cb4937830fcfd5d2b3b24f" }
case "/transactions/new":
if (request.HttpMethod != HttpMethod.Post.Method)
return $"{new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.MethodNotAllowed)}";
json = new StreamReader(request.InputStream).ReadToEnd();
Transaction trx = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Transaction>(json);
int blockId = chain.CreateTransaction(trx.Sender, trx.Recipient, trx.Amount);
return $"Your transaction will be included in block {blockId}";
//GET: http://localhost:12345/chain
case "/chain":
return chain.GetFullChain();
//POST: http://localhost:12345/nodes/register
//{ "Urls": ["localhost:54321", "localhost:54345", "localhost:12321"] }
case "/nodes/register":
if (request.HttpMethod != HttpMethod.Post.Method)
return $"{new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.MethodNotAllowed)}";
json = new StreamReader(request.InputStream).ReadToEnd();
var urlList = new { Urls = new string[0] };
var obj = JsonConvert.DeserializeAnonymousType(json, urlList);
return chain.RegisterNodes(obj.Urls);
//GET: http://localhost:12345/nodes/resolve
case "/nodes/resolve":
return chain.Consensus();
}
return "";
},
$"http://{host}:{port}/mine/",
$"http://{host}:{port}/transactions/new/",
$"http://{host}:{port}/chain/",
$"http://{host}:{port}/nodes/register/",
$"http://{host}:{port}/nodes/resolve/"
);
server.Run();
}
}
}

View File

@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<packages>
<package id="Newtonsoft.Json" version="10.0.3" targetFramework="net451" />
<package id="TinyWebServer.dll" version="1.0.1" targetFramework="net451" />
</packages>

52
docker-compose.yml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
version: '3'
services:
node0:
build: .
image: blockchain
ports:
- 5000:80
node1:
image: blockchain
ports:
- 5001:80
node2:
image: blockchain
ports:
- 5002:80
node3:
image: blockchain
ports:
- 5003:80
node4:
image: blockchain
ports:
- 5004:80
node5:
image: blockchain
ports:
- 5005:80
# node6:
# image: blockchain
# ports:
# - 5006:80
# node7:
# image: blockchain
# ports:
# - 5007:80
# node8:
# image: blockchain
# ports:
# - 5008:80
# node9:
# image: blockchain
# ports:
# - 5009:80

46
init Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
#!/bin/bash
set -e
function register_nodes() {
from=$1
to_list=$2
for to in $to_list; do
http POST localhost:500$from/nodes/register \
nodes:="[\"http://node$to\"]"
done
}
function synchronise_nodes() {
http POST localhost:5000/nodes/resolve
http POST localhost:5001/nodes/resolve
}
NODE0_ID=$(http localhost:5000/identifier | jq -r ".identifier")
NODE1_ID=$(http localhost:5001/identifier | jq -r ".identifier")
register_nodes "0" "1 3 4"
register_nodes "1" "0 5"
register_nodes "2" "5"
register_nodes "3" "0 4"
register_nodes "4" "0 3 5"
register_nodes "5" "1 2 4"
# # Mine a few initial blocks
http POST localhost:5000/mine
http POST localhost:5000/mine
http POST localhost:5001/nodes/resolve
http POST localhost:5003/nodes/resolve
http POST localhost:5005/nodes/resolve
http POST localhost:5002/nodes/resolve
# synchronise_nodes >/dev/null
# http POST localhost:5000/transactions sender=$NODE0_ID recipient=$NODE1_ID amount=1.3
# http POST localhost:5000/mine
# synchronise_nodes >/dev/null
# http localhost:5000/nodes/$NODE0_ID/balance
# http localhost:5000/nodes/$NODE1_ID/balance
# echo node0: $NODE0_ID
# echo node1: $NODE1_ID

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@ -1,102 +0,0 @@
const crypto = require("crypto");
class Blockchain {
constructor() {
this.chain = [];
this.pendingTransactions = [];
this.newBlock();
this.peers = new Set();
}
/**
* Adds a node to our peer table
*/
addPeer(host) {
this.peers.add(host);
}
/**
* Adds a node to our peer table
*/
getPeers() {
return Array.from(this.peers);
}
/**
* Creates a new block containing any outstanding transactions
*/
newBlock(previousHash, nonce = null) {
let block = {
index: this.chain.length,
timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
transactions: this.pendingTransactions,
previousHash,
nonce
};
block.hash = Blockchain.hash(block);
console.log(`Created block ${block.index}`);
// Add the new block to the blockchain
this.chain.push(block);
// Reset pending transactions
this.pendingTransactions = [];
}
/**
* Generates a SHA-256 hash of the block
*/
static hash(block) {
const blockString = JSON.stringify(block, Object.keys(block).sort());
return crypto.createHash("sha256").update(blockString).digest("hex");
}
/**
* Returns the last block in the chain
*/
lastBlock() {
return this.chain.length && this.chain[this.chain.length - 1];
}
/**
* Determines if a hash begins with a "difficulty" number of 0s
*
* @param hashOfBlock: the hash of the block (hex string)
* @param difficulty: an integer defining the difficulty
*/
static powIsAcceptable(hashOfBlock, difficulty) {
return hashOfBlock.slice(0, difficulty) === "0".repeat(difficulty);
}
/**
* Generates a random 32 byte string
*/
static nonce() {
return crypto.createHash("sha256").update(crypto.randomBytes(32)).digest("hex");
}
/**
* Proof of Work mining algorithm
*
* We hash the block with random string until the hash begins with
* a "difficulty" number of 0s.
*/
mine(blockToMine = null, difficulty = 4) {
const block = blockToMine || this.lastBlock();
while (true) {
block.nonce = Blockchain.nonce();
if (Blockchain.powIsAcceptable(Blockchain.hash(block), difficulty)) {
console.log("We mined a block!")
console.log(` - Block hash: ${Blockchain.hash(block)}`);
console.log(` - nonce: ${block.nonce}`);
return block;
}
}
}
}
module.exports = Blockchain;

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@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
const Blockchain = require("./blockchain");
const {send} = require("micro");
const blockchain = new Blockchain();
module.exports = async (request, response) => {
const route = request.url;
// Keep track of the peers that have contacted us
blockchain.addPeer(request.headers.host);
let output;
switch (route) {
case "/new_block":
output = blockchain.newBlock();
break;
case "/last_block":
output = blockchain.lastBlock();
break;
case "/get_peers":
output = blockchain.getPeers();
break;
case "/submit_transaction":
output = blockchain.addTransaction(transaction);
break;
default:
output = blockchain.lastBlock();
}
send(response, 200, output);
};

2828
js/package-lock.json generated

File diff suppressed because it is too large Load Diff

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@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
{
"name": "blockchain",
"version": "1.0.0",
"description": "",
"main": "index.js",
"scripts": {
"dev": "nodemon blockchain.js",
"server": "micro-dev"
},
"author": "",
"license": "ISC",
"dependencies": {
"micro": "^9.3.4",
"micro-dev": "^3.0.0",
"nodemon": "^1.19.0"
}
}

267
poetry.lock generated Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
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description = "Python package for providing Mozilla's CA Bundle."
name = "certifi"
optional = false
python-versions = "*"
version = "2019.11.28"
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description = "Universal encoding detector for Python 2 and 3"
name = "chardet"
optional = false
python-versions = "*"
version = "3.0.4"
[[package]]
category = "main"
description = "Composable command line interface toolkit"
name = "click"
optional = false
python-versions = ">=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*"
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[[package]]
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python-versions = ">=3.6"
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dev = ["pyjwt", "passlib", "autoflake", "flake8", "uvicorn", "graphene"]
doc = ["mkdocs", "mkdocs-material", "markdown-include"]
test = ["pytest (>=4.0.0)", "pytest-cov", "mypy", "black", "isort", "requests", "email-validator", "sqlalchemy", "peewee", "databases", "orjson", "async-exit-stack", "async-generator"]
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description = "A pure-Python, bring-your-own-I/O implementation of HTTP/1.1"
name = "h11"
optional = false
python-versions = "*"
version = "0.9.0"
[[package]]
category = "main"
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name = "httptools"
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python-versions = "*"
version = "0.0.13"
[[package]]
category = "main"
description = "Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA)"
name = "idna"
optional = false
python-versions = ">=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*"
version = "2.8"
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name = "pydantic"
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python-versions = ">=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*, !=3.4.*"
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[[package]]
category = "main"
description = "The little ASGI library that shines."
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python-versions = ">=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*, !=3.4.*, <4"
version = "1.25.8"
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python-versions = "*"
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[[package]]
category = "main"
description = "An implementation of the WebSocket Protocol (RFC 6455 & 7692)"
name = "websockets"
optional = false
python-versions = ">=3.6.1"
version = "8.1"
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18
pyproject.toml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
[tool.poetry]
name = "blockchain"
version = "0.1.0"
description = ""
authors = ["Pavle Portic <pavle.portic@tilda.center>"]
[tool.poetry.dependencies]
python = "^3.8"
requests = "^2.22.0"
fastapi = {extras = ["uvicorn"], version = "^0.48.0"}
uvicorn = "^0.11.2"
[tool.poetry.dev-dependencies]
python-dotenv = "^0.10.5"
[build-system]
requires = ["poetry>=0.12"]
build-backend = "poetry.masonry.api"

View File

@ -1,2 +1,79 @@
flask==0.12.2
requests==2.18.4
certifi==2019.11.28 \
--hash=sha256:017c25db2a153ce562900032d5bc68e9f191e44e9a0f762f373977de9df1fbb3 \
--hash=sha256:25b64c7da4cd7479594d035c08c2d809eb4aab3a26e5a990ea98cc450c320f1f
chardet==3.0.4 \
--hash=sha256:fc323ffcaeaed0e0a02bf4d117757b98aed530d9ed4531e3e15460124c106691 \
--hash=sha256:84ab92ed1c4d4f16916e05906b6b75a6c0fb5db821cc65e70cbd64a3e2a5eaae
click==7.0 \
--hash=sha256:2335065e6395b9e67ca716de5f7526736bfa6ceead690adf616d925bdc622b13 \
--hash=sha256:5b94b49521f6456670fdb30cd82a4eca9412788a93fa6dd6df72c94d5a8ff2d7
fastapi==0.48.0 \
--hash=sha256:87d409d3ac3957713c016ba3b28fa5214e0903d4351cc3fe486b170d29e8aacd \
--hash=sha256:2e00347f6a84291a5f04302733fbcf7c2ad9c674c0d0448cbee661db0e01ca16
h11==0.9.0 \
--hash=sha256:4bc6d6a1238b7615b266ada57e0618568066f57dd6fa967d1290ec9309b2f2f1 \
--hash=sha256:33d4bca7be0fa039f4e84d50ab00531047e53d6ee8ffbc83501ea602c169cae1
httptools==0.0.13; sys_platform != "win32" and sys_platform != "cygwin" and platform_python_implementation != "pypy" \
--hash=sha256:e00cbd7ba01ff748e494248183abc6e153f49181169d8a3d41bb49132ca01dfc
idna==2.8 \
--hash=sha256:ea8b7f6188e6fa117537c3df7da9fc686d485087abf6ac197f9c46432f7e4a3c \
--hash=sha256:c357b3f628cf53ae2c4c05627ecc484553142ca23264e593d327bcde5e9c3407
pydantic==1.4 \
--hash=sha256:07911aab70f3bc52bb845ce1748569c5e70478ac977e106a150dd9d0465ebf04 \
--hash=sha256:012c422859bac2e03ab3151ea6624fecf0e249486be7eb8c6ee69c91740c6752 \
--hash=sha256:61d22d36808087d3184ed6ac0d91dd71c533b66addb02e4a9930e1e30833202f \
--hash=sha256:f863456d3d4bf817f2e5248553dee3974c5dc796f48e6ddb599383570f4215ac \
--hash=sha256:bbbed364376f4a0aebb9ea452ff7968b306499a9e74f4db69b28ff2cd4043a11 \
--hash=sha256:e27559cedbd7f59d2375bfd6eea29a330ea1a5b0589c34d6b4e0d7bec6027bbf \
--hash=sha256:50e4e948892a6815649ad5a9a9379ad1e5f090f17842ac206535dfaed75c6f2f \
--hash=sha256:8848b4eb458469739126e4c1a202d723dd092e087f8dbe3104371335f87ba5df \
--hash=sha256:831a0265a9e3933b3d0f04d1a81bba543bafbe4119c183ff2771871db70524ab \
--hash=sha256:47b8db7024ba3d46c3d4768535e1cf87b6c8cf92ccd81e76f4e1cb8ee47688b3 \
--hash=sha256:51f11c8bbf794a68086540da099aae4a9107447c7a9d63151edbb7d50110cf21 \
--hash=sha256:6100d7862371115c40be55cc4b8d766a74b1d0dbaf99dbfe72bb4bac0faf89ed \
--hash=sha256:72184c1421103cca128300120f8f1185fb42a9ea73a1c9845b1c53db8c026a7d \
--hash=sha256:f17ec336e64d4583311249fb179528e9a2c27c8a2eaf590ec6ec2c6dece7cb3f
requests==2.22.0 \
--hash=sha256:9cf5292fcd0f598c671cfc1e0d7d1a7f13bb8085e9a590f48c010551dc6c4b31 \
--hash=sha256:11e007a8a2aa0323f5a921e9e6a2d7e4e67d9877e85773fba9ba6419025cbeb4
starlette==0.12.9 \
--hash=sha256:c2ac9a42e0e0328ad20fe444115ac5e3760c1ee2ac1ff8cdb5ec915c4a453411
urllib3==1.25.8 \
--hash=sha256:2f3db8b19923a873b3e5256dc9c2dedfa883e33d87c690d9c7913e1f40673cdc \
--hash=sha256:87716c2d2a7121198ebcb7ce7cccf6ce5e9ba539041cfbaeecfb641dc0bf6acc
uvicorn==0.11.2 \
--hash=sha256:4a35496af38e4deeec911f4af99b0bace19669c986210b0a950ad2b7bfd5737a \
--hash=sha256:11f397855c7f35dc034a3d288883382a4c16afdfe6675b70896f55bd6051da64
uvloop==0.14.0; sys_platform != "win32" and sys_platform != "cygwin" and platform_python_implementation != "pypy" \
--hash=sha256:08b109f0213af392150e2fe6f81d33261bb5ce968a288eb698aad4f46eb711bd \
--hash=sha256:4544dcf77d74f3a84f03dd6278174575c44c67d7165d4c42c71db3fdc3860726 \
--hash=sha256:b4f591aa4b3fa7f32fb51e2ee9fea1b495eb75b0b3c8d0ca52514ad675ae63f7 \
--hash=sha256:f07909cd9fc08c52d294b1570bba92186181ca01fe3dc9ffba68955273dd7362 \
--hash=sha256:afd5513c0ae414ec71d24f6f123614a80f3d27ca655a4fcf6cabe50994cc1891 \
--hash=sha256:e7514d7a48c063226b7d06617cbb12a14278d4323a065a8d46a7962686ce2e95 \
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--hash=sha256:123ac9c0c7dd71464f58f1b4ee0bbd81285d96cdda8bc3519281b8973e3a461e
websockets==8.1 \
--hash=sha256:3762791ab8b38948f0c4d281c8b2ddfa99b7e510e46bd8dfa942a5fff621068c \
--hash=sha256:3db87421956f1b0779a7564915875ba774295cc86e81bc671631379371af1170 \
--hash=sha256:4f9f7d28ce1d8f1295717c2c25b732c2bc0645db3215cf757551c392177d7cb8 \
--hash=sha256:295359a2cc78736737dd88c343cd0747546b2174b5e1adc223824bcaf3e164cb \
--hash=sha256:1d3f1bf059d04a4e0eb4985a887d49195e15ebabc42364f4eb564b1d065793f5 \
--hash=sha256:2db62a9142e88535038a6bcfea70ef9447696ea77891aebb730a333a51ed559a \
--hash=sha256:0e4fb4de42701340bd2353bb2eee45314651caa6ccee80dbd5f5d5978888fed5 \
--hash=sha256:9b248ba3dd8a03b1a10b19efe7d4f7fa41d158fdaa95e2cf65af5a7b95a4f989 \
--hash=sha256:ce85b06a10fc65e6143518b96d3dca27b081a740bae261c2fb20375801a9d56d \
--hash=sha256:965889d9f0e2a75edd81a07592d0ced54daa5b0785f57dc429c378edbcffe779 \
--hash=sha256:751a556205d8245ff94aeef23546a1113b1dd4f6e4d102ded66c39b99c2ce6c8 \
--hash=sha256:3ef56fcc7b1ff90de46ccd5a687bbd13a3180132268c4254fc0fa44ecf4fc422 \
--hash=sha256:7ff46d441db78241f4c6c27b3868c9ae71473fe03341340d2dfdbe8d79310acc \
--hash=sha256:20891f0dddade307ffddf593c733a3fdb6b83e6f9eef85908113e628fa5a8308 \
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--hash=sha256:5c65d2da8c6bce0fca2528f69f44b2f977e06954c8512a952222cea50dad430f

7
run.py Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# vim:fenc=utf-8
from blockchain import create_app
app = create_app()