blockchain/blockchain.py

153 lines
4.1 KiB
Python

import hashlib
from datetime import datetime
from database import Block, db
import logging
logger = logging.getLogger('root.blockchain')
class Blockchain:
def __init__(self):
self.current_transactions = []
self.difficulty = 4
# Create the genesis block if necessary
if not self.get_blocks(0):
self.new_block(previous_hash='1', proof=100, height=0)
logger.info("✨ Created genesis block")
logger.info("Blockchain Initiated")
@staticmethod
def get_blocks(height=0):
"""
Returns all blocks from a given height
:param height: <int> The height from which to return blocks
:return:
"""
blocks = db.query(Block).filter(Block.height >= height).all()
return [block.to_dict() for block in blocks]
def valid_chain(self, chain):
"""
Determines if a given blockchain is valid
:param chain: A blockchain
:return: True if valid, False if not
"""
last_block = chain[0]
current_index = 1
while current_index < len(chain):
block = chain[current_index]
# Check that the hash of the block is correct
if block['previous_hash'] != self.hash(last_block):
return False
# Check that the Proof of Work is correct
if not self.valid_proof(last_block['proof'], block['proof']):
return False
last_block = block
current_index += 1
return True
def new_block(self, proof, previous_hash, height):
"""
Create a new Block in the Blockchain
:param proof: The proof given by the Proof of Work algorithm
:param previous_hash: Hash of previous Block
:param height: The Height of the new block
:return: New Block
"""
block = Block(
height=height,
timestamp=datetime.now(),
transactions=self.current_transactions,
proof=proof,
previous_hash=previous_hash,
)
db.add(block)
db.commit()
# Reset the current list of transactions
self.current_transactions = []
return block
def new_transaction(self, sender, recipient, amount):
"""
Creates a new transaction to go into the next mined Block
:param sender: Address of the Sender
:param recipient: Address of the Recipient
:param amount: Amount
:return: The index of the Block that will hold this transaction
"""
self.current_transactions.append({
'sender': sender,
'recipient': recipient,
'amount': amount,
})
return self.last_block['index'] + 1
@property
def last_block(self):
"""
Returns the last block in the Blockchain (greatest height)
:return: <Block>
"""
return db.query(Block).order_by(Block.height.desc()).first()
@staticmethod
def hash(block):
"""
Creates a SHA-256 hash of a Block
:param block: Block
"""
block_bytes = block.to_json().encode()
return hashlib.sha256(block_bytes).hexdigest()
def proof_of_work(self, last_proof):
"""
Simple Proof of Work Algorithm:
- Find a number p' such that hash(pp') contains leading 4 zeroes, where p is the previous p'
- p is the previous proof, and p' is the new proof
:param last_proof: The proof from the previous block
"""
proof = 0
while self.valid_proof(last_proof, proof) is False:
proof += 1
return proof
def valid_proof(self, last_proof, proof):
"""
Validates the Proof
:param last_proof: Previous Proof
:param proof: Current Proof
:return: True if correct, False if not.
"""
guess = f'{last_proof}{proof}'.encode()
guess_hash = hashlib.sha256(guess).hexdigest()
return guess_hash[:self.difficulty] == '0' * self.difficulty # In Python, '0' * 4 gives '0000'